Shaking the electron has strengthened quantum mechanics

ScienceDaily (Aug. 23, 2012) ? Atomic orbital electrons react to change of nucleus electric charge following each beta decay and to flying nearby particles emitted from the nucleus. NCBJ physicists have simulated such processes for ⁶He nuclei. Theoretical calculations were recently confirmed by an experiment performed in the GAEN accelerator centre in Caen (France). That way the sudden approximation calculation method (one of the oldest methods employed to solve quantum mechanics problems) was directly validated.

Decays of atomic nuclei are potential sources of information on fundamental phenomena occurring in the quantum world. Unfortunately it is a rather difficult task to model such processes. Yet NCBJ physicists have successfully simulated the process of neutron? proton conversion in singly ionized ⁶He atom nucleus and correctly predicted its impact on the atomic orbital sole electron. Theoretical calculations were recently confirmed by an experiment performed in the GAEN accelerator centre in Caen (France). That way the sudden approximation calculation method (one of the oldest methods employed to solve quantum mechanics problems) was directly validated.

Nucleus of a ⁶He ion is composed of two protons and four neutrons. In a singly ionized ion the nucleus is orbited by a single electron. Surplus of neutrons makes such nuclei unstable, they undergo the so-called beta-minus decays in which one of the neutrons is transformed into a proton. To preserve electric charge, an electron is emitted from the decaying nucleus. Each emitted electron is accompanied by an electron anti-neutrino. In effect, a stable ⁶Li nucleus (still orbited by a single electron) is produced.

"During each beta-minus decay the orbiting (atomic) electron is impacted because of two reasons. Firstly, the total electric charge of the nucleus is changing since three protons are suddenly appearing in place of two protons. Secondly, a negatively charged emitted electron is flying nearby. It is plenty of stimulation for the orbiting electron: one might say that it is shaken very strongly. In result it is excited to a higher orbital or completely struck out of the atom" explainsProfessor Zygmunt Patyk from NCBJ.

Quantum mechanics uses wave functions to describe particles. The functions may be used to calculate probabilities that the particle will take some determined states.

"The ⁶He ion selected for calculations is almost a textbook case: single electron orbiting within a relatively simple potential well of the nucleus" said Dr. Katarzyna Siegie?-Iwaniuk from NCBJ.

Electrons emitted by the decaying nuclei move at a speed close to the light velocity. They cross orbital electron clouds in times shorter than one billionth part of a nanosecond (i.e. 10^-18 s). In quantum mechanics, problems in which interactions are so short are treated by finding a superposition of some final state wave functions (in our case: single electron within the ⁶Li ion) that jointly approximate the initial state wave function (in our case: single electron within the ⁶He ion). That trick is known as the sudden approximation method. It has been applied for many years (almost from the days quantum mechanics was born) but has never been directly verified in any experiment.

Professor Patyk's team has been collaborating with teams of physicists working in GAEN accelerator centre in Caen (Normandie, France) for several years. Calculations performed by NCBJ physicists to the accuracy of 4 significant places yielded the 2.3% probability that beta-decay will be liberating the sole orbital electron of the ⁶He ion, i.e. will be producing a totally ionized lithium atom. To a comparable accuracy that result was confirmed by some experiments performed at the French accelerator.

"Such a good agreement between theoretical predictions and experimental findings in such a simple (almost textbook) system is the first direct proof that the sudden approximation computational method utilized to solve quantum mechanics problems for almost a century is indeed correct" points out Professor Patyk.

NCBJ physicists have also managed to determine factors responsible for liberating the ⁶He sole orbital electron. The performed analyses have indicated that the ionization is caused in 99% cases by change of the nucleus total electric charge, and only in 1% cases by the fast electron emitted by the decaying nucleus.

The results co-authored by members of both collaborating teams were recently published in Physical Review Letters. The Polish team work was co-financed by a Polish Ministry for Science and Higher Education grant and by a Polish National Science Centre grant.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ).

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

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Journal Reference:

1. C. Couratin, Ph. Velten, X. Fl?chard, E. Li?nard, G. Ban, A. Cassimi, P. Delahaye, D. Durand, D. Hennecart, F. Mauger, A. M?ry, O. Naviliat-Cuncic, Z. Patyk, D. Rodr?guez, K. Siegie?-Iwaniuk, J-C. Thomas. First Measurement of Pure Electron Shakeoff in the ? Decay of Trapped ⁶He⁺ Ions. Physical Review Letters, 2012; 108 (24) DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.243201

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/matter_energy/electricity/~3/Ie3kXm7RbYI/120823090906.htm

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430000 :: 4909 Mulholland DR, Lake Oswego OR, 97035

Posted by admin on Aug 22, 2012 in Blog

2 beds, 2 full, 1 part baths
Home size: 2,403 sq ft
Lot Size: 4,356 sq ft
Property Type: ATTACHD
MLS Number: 12276870
Community: Westlake Neighborhood

Beautiful Contemporary attached home in the heart of Westlake! This 2403sqft home, features 2 Bedrms,a Den,a Loft/Media room & 2 1/2 baths. Gourmet kitchen offers granite counter tops, stainless steel appliances, gas cooktop & glass display builtin the island. The familyrm has custom built-ins & see through fireplace. Large Master & master bath.Private backyrd is mntaind by HOA

Listed with Soldera Properties, Inc

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Brought to you by Chris Larsson, Coldwell Banker Seal. Call me today at 503-683-2897!

The content relating to real estate for sale on this web site comes in part from the IDX program of the RMLS? of Portland, Oregon. All real estate listings are marked with the RMLS? logo, and detailed information about these properties includes the names of the listing brokers. Listing content is ? 2009 RMLS?, Portland, Oregon.

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Chris Larsson- Lake Oswego Real Estate Agent

Let me help you find everything you need to know about buying or selling real estate in Lake Oswego, OR! I have been a top-producing Coldwell Banker real estate professional for over 8 years in LO. I am 120% dedicated to providing world-class concierge level service to my clientele.

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SEARCH THE LAKE OSWEGO MLS AND REAL ESTATE LISTING HERE...

Source: http://www.97034realestate.com/blog/430000-4909-mulholland-dr-lake-oswego-or-97035-lake-oswego-homes-for-sale-lake-oswego-real-estate-97034-lake-oswego-real-estate-agent/

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?Dart? an alternative Moroccan way to avoid ... - Morocco World News

By Larbi Arbaoui

Morocco World News

Tinjdad, Morocco, August 24, 2012

For many people, Borrowing from banks is very difficult in most cases due to many reasons. The lack of the collateral needed on the part of the borrowers place a challenge on the financial institutions to keep sponsoring consumer loans on the safe side. From the lender?s standpoint, they keep a distance from banks because of their religious beliefs and ethics that are in stark contrast with interests on the ground of which all Moroccan banks are based. However, these complications didn?t bar Moroccans to think out of the box and come up with an alternative method to sponsor their small projects or manage their savings. To escape the heavy interests imposed by banks, some people have invented a practical method of self collaborative sponsoring known among Moroccans as ?Dart.?

Dart, in Moroccan colloquial language, means circle or a turn. It is a financial transaction between a group of friends or colleagues who trust each other aiming to provide a considerable amount of money for each member of the group consecutively by individual equal shares every month. The members of the group are chosen carefully based on their reputation and good personal profile. Dart provides guaranteed interest-free consumer loans, often at varying contributions within the framework of a limited partnership that mostly does not exceed one year.

This alternative financial method is widely used among public and private sector employees, taxi drivers, women of the same neighborhood, but it is very common among school teachers and educators in general. Practically, it has offered free services to many people and saved a lot from unexpected circumstances that require urgent sum of money. Most importantly, it has helped extravagant people to go through considerable savings.

S. Rachid has revealed to MWN his deep gratitude to his friend Ali who introduced him to a group of trusted friends with whom he started this ?rewarding and wise savings.? ?I personally never saved a penny; my salary is spent on my daily needs and a big amount of it is wasted on trivial things. When I started participating in Dart, I recognized that my monthly contributions are being securely saved for a rainy day,? he told MWN.

A group usually doesn?t consist of more than ten members. The first meeting is held to decide the amount of money to be paid every month, time and the person who is going to be in charge of collecting money from the rest of the members. Normally, the due time to end this business is determined by the number of members in each group. They also have to decide the order of benefactors in a friendly manner. Urgent cases are served first, but only if there is an overall agreement among all members; otherwise, they resort to a random drawing.

Regardless of few failed experiences, Dart, indeed, has proved its success and provided many people a considerable sum of money to start their personal projects and meet their basic needs. Frankly, there is no warranty in the whole business, but trust is the prerequisite, essential element on which this alternative method is base. As the Moroccan famous saying goes ?money may come and go in a blink of an eye, but building trust among men may require years and years.?

? Morocco World News. All Rights Reserved. This material may not be published, rewritten or redistributed.

Source: http://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2012/08/53024/dart-an-alternative-moroccan-way-to-avoid-heavy-bank-interests/

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Why a Minimum Wage Increase Divides Small Business

The $7.25 hourly federal minimum wage has not increased since 2009 and represents less, when adjusted for inflation, than minimum-wage workers earned in 1968. As of January, 18 states plus the District of Columbia had minimums over the federal rate, and five states have no minimum wage laws, according to the U.S. Department of Labor.

Historically, efforts to raise minimum wages have drawn staunch opposition from small business advocacy groups. But as U.S. income inequality has widened and economic studies have challenged the long-held notion that minimum wage increases suppress employment, small business owners and lobbyists are turning up on both sides of the debate.

The traditional stance is represented by the National Federation of Independent Business, which has put considerable effort into fighting half a dozen state minimum wage increases in the Northeast this year, says Jack Mozloom, the group?s regional media manager. ?We?re trying to put that fire out in a bunch of different places,? he says, including New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut. ?Our members are nearly unanimously against an increase, not only because they don?t have the sales volume that would justify an increase in their labor expenses, but because it tends to inflate wages up and down the scale.?

Not all small business owners and organizations share that conviction. In contrast to her counterparts at the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, which has staunchly opposed minimum wage increases, Margot Dorfman, chief executive of the U.S. Women?s Chamber of Commerce, supports an increase. ?Raising the minimum wage would increase the tax base and decrease the need for government relief,? she says. A good portion of her 500,000 members, about three-quarters of whom are female business owners, have worked hourly jobs at some point. ?Oftentimes the women who are working are the ones being paid the minimum wage, and they?re single parents who need to put a roof over their head and feed their children.?

Holly Sklar, founder of Business For a Fair Minimum Wage, aims to debunk the notion that all business owners oppose minimum wage increases. ?There was a portrayal of too many policies as business on one side and everybody else on the other side,? she says. The group, which has an annual budget of less than $150,000, is funded by grants and individual donors; organized labor does not contribute to its funding, she says. Founded in 2006 to fight for the most recent federal minimum wage increase, in 2007, it?s backing proposed legislation that would boost the federal rate in three 85? steps, to $9.80 an hour, over three years, then adjust it annually to keep pace with the cost of living.

Its argument, ?an economy that?s based on a much more economically viable connection between what used to be called a fair day?s pay for a fair day?s work,? has caught on with the 4,000 organizations and individuals who have signed on with her network, including Lew Prince, a co-owner of Vintage Vinyl, a $1.7 million independent music store in St. Louis. He pays his 16 full-time employees $12 to $17 an hour and his eight part-timers $8.50, he says, and he has become an evangelist for the minimum wage increase, trying to persuade fellow small business owners who are skeptical to support it. ?I get incredible continuity by paying people fairly. The longer they?re here and the better they?re treated, the more likely they are to take ownership,? he says. ?My employees really run my business while I concentrate on logistics and predictions. I have not had a case of internal theft in decades.?

Brian England, who founded $2.2 million British American Auto Care in Columbia, Md., in 1978 and has 20 employees, says he didn?t consider it a burden when minimum wages were increased regularly. ?People used that as a time to review wages generally, and everybody went up. Now the people at the bottom are so far behind, they need a chance to catch up,? he says.

But the timing for increasing labor costs is poor right now, particularly when so many small businesses are still struggling to recover, says Molly Brogan, spokeswoman for the National Small Business Association, which opposes the proposed legislation. ?We?re particularly wary in a difficult economy. When you?re faced with 10 employees in a low-profit business such as a hardware store, what you?ll have to do is put your money into increasing wages and any new hiring will be suppressed,? she says.

It would certainly make business difficult for Debi Pappas, who co-founded White Glove Services in Orlando in 2010. The company trains and provides butlers and cleaning teams for large estates, vacation homes, and special events and had $250,000 in 2011 revenue. Her 38 employees make from $9 to $15 an hour; she pays $8 an hour during training. ?I?m considered a nice employer, and I can attract really great people because I?m paying above the minimum even when they?re not [working] in homes,? she says. To stay above an increased minimum wage, she?d have to boost starting wages, and it?s unlikely she could pass the cost to her customers because she?s already charging them top prices. ?Even 50? an hour makes a big difference for a small business person. It would probably cost us $1,000 a month, which would hurt cash flow and have a negative impact on our bottom line.?

As for larger economic benefits, they won?t benefit Pappas?s business much, she says: People who hire butlers don?t typically change their spending patterns based on the minimum wage.

Source: http://media.alabama.gov/AgencyTemplates/ado/template_redirect.aspx?ID=6868&t=3

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Oreo Pop Baby Rattles ~ A Baby Shower for - Cookies and Cups

Today?s a special day!

We are celebrating our friend Jenny.? She?s gonna have a baybeh.

Another boy to add to her houseful of boys.

Speaking from one mom of boys to another, you?re in for more fun, my friend!

You all know Jenny...she writes the insanely sweet blog Picky Palate.? And I have to tell you she is even nicer and sweeter in real life.

?

So, to celebrate Jenny and her soon-to-be bundle of joy, we are having a fun, ?virtual? baby shower, since we all can?t be there in in person to give her cookies and hugs before her little nugget arrives.

And because we all know Jenny is an Oreo Queen, I made some super easy, and totally cute Oreo Pop Baby Rattles.

Kinda the easiest thing ever, but perfect for a shower!

All you need are a few supplies to make these.? Start with Double Stuf Oreos, Bite Size Oreos, Blue Candy melts, Some sprinkles for decoration?

And some lollipop sticks.? I cut mine down to 3 inches, so the ?rattle? was a little more proportioned,

The steps are easy.? Separate the Double Stuf Oreo cookie and press the stick gently into the cream.? Then press the other half back on top.

Next separate two Bite Size Oreos and using both of the cream sides and sandwich the lollipop stick in between. ?

* I saved all my extra ?uncreamed? sides in a ziplock to use in the future for cookie crumbs or a garnish.

Melt your candy melts in the microwave with about a 1-2 teaspoons of vegetable shortening and dip each side, tapping off the excess.? Transfer to wax paper to set.

Immediately press on the sprinkles into the wet candy.

Tie a cute little bow around the stick and that?s it!

Now here?s the fun part?some of Jenny?s friends from around the internets are showering her with deliciousness too!? Spend some time and check out what everyone made!

Congrats Jenny and I can?t wait to see your little guy?s sweet face! xoxo

Kristan:?Confessions of a Cookbook Queen?Homemade Animal Crackers
Lauren:?Lauren?s Latest?Mini Chocolate Lava Cakes
Lori:?Recipe Girl?Oreo and Caramel Stuffed Chocolate Chip Cookie Bars
Maria:?Two Peas and Their Pod?Cookies ?n Cream Sheet Cake
Marion:?Sweetopia?Baby Shower Cookie Favors
Marla:?Family Fresh Cooking?Blueberry Mint Agua Fresca
Michelle:?Brown Eyed Baker?Shrimp Nacho Bites
Recipe Boy:?Chocolate Dipped Peanut Butter Cup Stuffed Oreos
Robyn:?Add a Pinch: Blue Velvet Baby Shower Cake
Shaina:?Food For My Family?Ginger Plum Preserves
Shelly:?Cookies and Cups?Oreo Pop Baby Rattles
Naomi: Bakers Royale - Chocolate and Peanut Butter Chocolate Chip Trifles

Source: http://cookiesandcups.com/oreo-pop-baby-rattles-a-baby-shower-for-jenny/

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Register now for your $15 copy of Windows 8

4 hrs.

Devin Coldewey

The discount offer on Windows 8 that we heard about as far back as May has just gone live. If you bought a PC in or after June, you could be eligible for a dirt-cheap new operating system.

Microsoft has historically offered the new version of Windows to people buying PCs around launch time in order to prevent people from waiting until the new OS is released?to make their purchase. It happened with Windows 7, and now it's happening with Windows 8.

If you bought a PC between June 2?of this year or plan to buy one before the end of January 2013, you can pick up the new OS for $14.99. Just go to Microsoft's?upgrade offer website, where you'll be asked to put in some information about your PC and the product key that came with the older version of Windows.

Come Oct. 26, when Windows 8 officially launches, you'll get an email and upgrade online.

Buy your PC outside of the cutoff date? You can still upgrade for $39.99, but you can't pre-register. Note that in either case, you need to be running Windows 7 to get the upgrade ? you can't have the preview version of Windows 8 installed. Unfortunately, for a lot of people that means uninstalling 8, installing 7, then reinstalling 8. But the price is right.

More information can be found at Microsoft's blog entry about the upgrade.

Devin Coldewey is a contributing writer for NBC News Digital. His personal website is coldewey.cc.

Source: http://www.nbcnews.com/technology/gadgetbox/register-now-your-15-copy-windows-8-955123

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Contemporary Furniture -- The Perfect Choice for Every Home

Contemporary furniture is the latest style statement among people. Being simple and classy in look, furniture pieces in contemporary style are perfect to suit every place. Available in a variety of fascinating colors and elegant designs, it has become the topmost choice of people who love to style their place.

Furniture just adds to the overall appeal of your place. However, with the changes in home interior tastes and lifestyles, people now look for furniture that is stylish yet functional. Contemporary furniture just fits into the bill. Apart from being modern and trendy, contemporary furniture pieces are renowned for their space saving feature.

When it comes to style your place, you would surely want furniture that suits your fashion sense and reflects your personality. With contemporary furniture pieces you have multiple options to showcase your style in your own way. All you need is just the right fashion sense.

The outstanding attributes of contemporary furniture account for its growing popularity among patrons. The simplicity that furniture carries with it captivates people to style their home or office in contemporary style. The simple and sleek designs not only give a modern touch, but draw the attention of your friends and neighbors as well.

One can get to see a wide variety in materials used to manufacture contemporary furniture. In earlier times, furniture was made up of wood only, but with the due course of time several other materials are used to design contemporary furniture. Besides wood, plastic, wrought iron, leather and glass are mainly used to design the amazing contemporary range of furniture.

Also, with contemporary furniture items you don't have to bother about frequent maintenance that is usually required when you have wooden furniture. As patrons today are busy in their lifestyles, it is not possible to give time to maintenance of furniture items. However, with contemporary furniture range you can rest assured for long service life and high durability. Just a little bit of care and you would find your furniture look like brand new.

It certainly becomes a hassle to move furniture when you are relocating from one pace to another. However, contemporary range of furniture is a portable option when you have to move around. Unlike conventional furniture that needs a lot of efforts while shifting, contemporary furniture items make the task easy.

Available in variety of designs, contemporary furniture items are perfect to suit your unique style statement. Whether you want to style your place in a glamorous way or give it a sophisticated appeal, endless options are available to choose from. Being elegant and modern in appeal, it would just add up to the overall look of your place.

Also, contemporary furniture items come with excellent functionality that accounts for its growing popularity among people today. Making use of optimum space, furniture items of contemporary style serve multiple purposes. For example, Supremax Deluxe sofa bed is a popular convertible sofa that can be transformed into bed and again reconverted into a sofa. Being an amazing combination of style, innovation and functionality, contemporary furniture items are ideal for all your requirements.

So, if you are planning to buy new furniture for your apartment or office, give a thought to the beautiful and stylish contemporary furniture items. You can even search online to find out some leading furniture stores that offer an extensive range of contemporary furniture at market leading rates.

The author of this article is associated with LaContempo that is one of the prominent furniture stores offering a wide array of modern contemporary furniture at competitive prices.

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